Artificial wetlands

Extraction of nutrients and other pollutants from waste streams through their uptake by plant and microbial biomass

Liquid pig and cattle manure, products from other processes as separation technologies

The effluent can have a BOD of less than 30 mg/L, Total Suspended Solids < 30 mg L, Ammonia Nitrogen < 10 mg/L and a Phosphorus Removal Rate of less than 23 mg P/m² d

Risk of N2O emissions due to the difficulty of controlling the nitrification-denitrification process;
Need to control the density of the biomass of the wetland because its efficiency reduces when it exceeds a certain limit;
Biomass collection is the most complex and expensive process;
High energy cost for drying biomass if the material is used for animal feed